The key factor in shaping a noble character: the significance of self-descipline

Abstract

The questions of human nature, being fundamental philosophical issues, have never lost their significance throughout the entire history of the development of philosophical thought. Analyzing the concept of the "perfect human" in Islam is necessary for the development of contemporary religious anthropology and for offering solutions to the problems of comprehensive human studies. The article examines and reveals the essence of such concepts as the stages of achieving perfection in Islam: spirit, intellect, heart, morals, character, and ego. Their place in Muslim worldview is determined. From the existential philosophical perspective, the stages of transformation of human consciousness reflected in Islam are analyzed. The philosophical content of the concept of "nafs" is revealed, encompassing the unity of the concepts of soul and consciousness. The authors determines that the human nature weakness hinders the full fulfillment of religious duties. To achieve the "perfect human" level in Islam, a person must go through a spiritual stage series. The article includes the study of the third education - the education of lust, which combines faith and Islam. The author proves the relevance of the teaching on the nafs cultivation in Islam in  modern era, linking it to the method of self-education in psychology. The knowledge of the conditions of faith by Muslims and their belief do not fully reflect in their behavior in everyday life. Because of the ignorance of one`s ego a person's inner faith, i.e. faith, and Islam are not interconnected. The article aims to form a correct religious understanding, emphasizing that Islam includes not only strict rules limited to external forms but also places special importance on the inner world and spirituality of the person. Authors draw conclusions by analyzing the valuable works of Kazakh thinkers and foreign scholars written in this field.  

Key words: character, Quran, desire, boastfulness, arrogance.