Philosophical views of Kazakh enlighteners on life and death

Abstract

Prominent Kazakh enlighteners 19-20 centuries Chokan Valikhanov, Ybyray Altynsarin, Abay Kunanbaev, Shakarim Kudaiberdiev created original concepts of life and death, soul and flesh, creation of the world, creator, and religion. This article describes social and spiritual factors of their worldviews. Kazakh education, which is a reflection of and a response to the spiritual and moral change in the Kazakh society the end of the XIX century – early XX century, his break from the existential roots of existence, loss of confidence in a stable spiritual values and guarantees, reducing the moral requirements and general moral pessimism valuable skill conduct parallel in the revision of the philosophies of the East and the West, philosophical syncretism, the ability to learn for themselves the original philosophical thought in both East and West.
Compared to western style of thinking, the intention of which is directed to the outside world and is looking for a clue to the world outside himself, so is struggling with Nature, Peace and similar, pathos of the struggle of the eastern man is directed inward: he struggles with the dark and low sides of his soul. The meaning of this struggle – to get rid of the finite and limited in itself. Studies have enabled the author to state that the Kazakh educators without the appropriate special education did not go to extremes in matters of religion. Their views were characterized as nomadic syncretism one of the part of it was critical thinking as a sign of high intellectual culture.