Алтын Ордадағы мұсылман мәзһабтарын ұстанушылар арасындағы қарым-қатынастар
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577//EJRS.2022.v32.i4.r9Кілттік сөздер:
Ислам, Алтын Орда, мәзһаб, матуридилер, мәзһабаралық қарым-қатынастарАннотация
Мақалада авторлар, Алтын Орда мемлекетінде таралған исламдық мәзһабтар арасында қандай қарым-қатынастар орнағанын анықтауға тырысады. Өйткені Алтын Орда жалпы діни жағдай мен исламдану үдерісі жайлы зерттеулер көп болғанымен, мәзһабаралық қарым-қатынастар жайлы зерттеулер әлі де аз. Сондықтан мақалада Алтын Ордада ислам дінінің жағдайы, қандай мәзһаб өкілдері өмір сүргені, халықтың көпшілігі қандай мәзһабты ұстанғаны, діни білім беру қандай деңгейде болғаны жан-жақты баяндалады. Алтын Ордалық дін ғалымдары мен билік иелерінің арасындағы қарым-қатынастар талқыланады. Авторлар зерттеу барысында ханафиліктің Алтын Ордадағы мұсылмандар арасында кең тараған мәзһаб болғанын, өз діни орталықтарын құра алғанын және хандардың саяси қолдауына ие болғанын анықтайды. Матуридилік және Әшғарилік сияқты сүнниттік доктриналды мектептердің осы Алтын Орда дәуірінде ортақ құндылықтар негізінде бірігуге деген талпыныстары сөз болады. Сондай-ақ Алтын Орда билігінің мұсылман мәзһабтары арасындағы алауыздықтың алдын алу үшін жүргізген саясаты мен мәзһабаралық байланыстарды нығайтудағы рөлі талданады. Зерттеу ортағасырлық тарихи шығармаларға, саяхатнамаларға, мәзһаб ғалымдарының өмірі мен еңбектері баяндалатын биография кітаптарына, түрлі теологиялық тақырыптарда жазылған еңбектерге, сондай-ақ Алтын Орда территориясындағы исламдық мәзһабтарға қатысты жасалған жаңа ғылыми зерттеулерге негізделе отырып зерделенеді.
Түйін сөздер: Ислам, Алтын Орда, мәзһаб, матуридилер, мәзһабаралық қарым-қатынастар.
Библиографиялық сілтемелер
Әдебиеттер
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Marjani, Shihabuddin. (1889) Kitabu al-haqq al-mubin fi makhasin awda ad-din. Kazan: Çirkov. – 462.
Marjani, Shihabuddin. (1897) Kitabu Mustafâd al-akhbar fî Ahwâli Kazan ve Bulgar, V.I, Kazan: Tipografya B.L.Dombrovskago. - 264.
Nahcü’l-Feradis (1956) ed. János Eckmann, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Tıpkıbasımlar Dizisi 35. - 444.
Ramzi, Murad (2002). Talfiq al-Akhbar wa talkih al-Asar fî waka’i’i Kazan wa Bulgar wa muluki al-Tatar, V. I, Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah. - 736.
Ал-Карши, Джамал (2005) ал-Мулхакат би-с-сурах / пер. Ш. Х. Вохидова, Б. Б. Аминова. Алматы: Дайк-Пресс. – 416.
Бартолд В. В. (1963) Сочинения. Т.II. Часть I. Общие работы по истории Средней Азии. Работы по истории Кавказа и Восточной Европы. – Москва: Издательство восточной литературы. - 1024.
Муминов, A. (2015) Ханафитский мазхаб в истории Центральной Азии. Алматы: Қазақ энциклопедиясы. - 400.
References
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Al-Dawudi, Muhammad ibn Ali (1983) Tabakat al-Mufassirin [Layers of Interpreters], Vol.I-II. Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah. - 884. (in Arabic)
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Al-Maturidi, Abu Mansur Muhammad (1979) Kitab al-Tawhid [Book of Monotheism], ed. Fethullah Huleyf. İstanbul: -411. (in Arabic)
Al-Qarshi, Jamal (2005) Al-Mulhaqat bi-s-Surah [Addition to as-Surakh vocabulary], trans. Sh. B. Vokhidov, B. B. Aminov. - Almaty: Dayk-press. - 416. (in Arabic/Russian)
Al-Safadi, Khalil ibn Aybak (1998) Aʿyân al-ʿasr wa aʿvânu an-nasr [Notables of the era and helpers of victory], Vol.II. - Damascus: Dar al-Fikr. - 512. (in Arabic)
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Abylov, T., Abdilkhakim, B., & Kurt, H. (2022). Алтын Ордадағы мұсылман мәзһабтарын ұстанушылар арасындағы қарым-қатынастар. ҚазҰУ Хабаршысы, Дінтану сериясы, 32(4), 86–97. https://doi.org/10.26577//EJRS.2022.v32.i4.r9
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